Hyaluronic Acid: Side Effects and Precautions

The moment you step into a cosmetics store, there are a few ingredients that will surely pop out at you. One of these is the infamous hyaluronic acid. It has grown to become a cornerstone of modern-day skin care, celebrated for its potential to hydrate and rejuvenate one’s skin. As the horizons of skincare expand, more consumers are looking to incorporate hyaluronic acid into their routine.

Amidst all the popularity, it is also integral to know that while it is generally safe in nature, there could be a few possible side effects of hyaluronic acid that one needs to understand before starting its use. Follow along as we expand on this skincare superstar to help you ensure an experience that is safe and equally fruitful.

Keynotes:

• Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a naturally occurring sugar molecule in the body. It is commonly used as a humectant in skincare to attract and retain moisture in the skin.
• While safe, mild reactions to hyaluronic acid can be seen in individuals with sensitive skin due to overuse, harsh pairing actives, history of allergies and more.
• Individuals with a history of cancer, allergies, senstive skin and pregnant or breastfeeding women should exercise caution and consult a healthcare professional before using hyaluronic acid.
• Its use should be discontinued if adverse reactions or instances of pain, irritation and swelling occur.

You will be surprised to know that esteemed element, hyaluronic acid, found in our favorite skin products is a naturally occurring sugar molecule named glycosaminoglycan. Hyaluronic acid is essentially a humectant, which means it attracts water and holds onto it like a sponge. Our skin boasts about one-third of it. It is also commonly found in our eyes and joints. At a molecular level, it can bind more than its weight in water and hence support skin elasticity, wound healing and barrier function.

That said, as we grow older, the natural production of the molecule in our body subsides. Thus begins the need to substitute hyaluronic acid from our food sources, topical applications, oral supplements and professional treatments. When administered, positive reactions to hyaluronic acid include improved skin texture that is plumper and smoother with reduced fine lines.

As mentioned before, hyaluronic acid is considered a safe active (at most parts). However, there are a few accounts of hyaluronic acid serum side effects that one needs to be aware of before beginning its use:

Irritation and Allergic Reactions

When administered in high doses or following professional treatments such as hyaluronic acid fillers for skin, individuals may encounter a few side effects such as mild irritation and allergic reactions. While these allergic reactions to hyaluronic acid can manifest as redness, itching, bruising and swelling, they are extremely mild and may subside after a few days. That said, if you experience exacerbated symptoms such as pain, then it is essential to discontinue the usage of the product and consult a board-certified dermatologist.

Overuse and Dehydration Risks

Hyaluronic acid's primary property rests on its ability to draw moisture from its surroundings. Thus it is quite commonly used on damp skin and followed by a hydrating moisturiser. When these criteria aren’t met with, especially in areas with low humidity, hyaluronic acid can potentially pull moisture from the place that it knows stores moisture: the deeper layers of the skin. Such a paradox can potentially lead to dehydration instead of alleviating it.

If the product is quite well tolerated with a stellar skincare routine, then let's understand who should not use and exercise caution with hyaluronic acid.

Cancer Patients

Patients with ongoing treatment or history should consider consulting a medical professional before adding the ingredient into their routine. This is due to the ongoing studies that may suggest that hyaluronic acid may promote cell proliferation, which may interfere with certain cancer treatments.

History of Allergic Reactions

Similarly, individuals with a past history of severe reactions to hyaluronic acid, particularly anaphylaxis, should be cautious before trying new skincare ingredients. While allergies to hyaluronic acid are rare, it is recommended to seek professional help if any concerns arise.

Pregnant or Breastfeeding Women

Now, lets understand that there is inherently limited research on the side effects of hyaluronic acid on pregnant and breastfeeding women. While the current evidence does not suggest any direct contradictions, it is best to err on the side of caution and seek medical advice before use.

Sensitive Skin Type

While hyaluronic acid is a safe humectant, some individuals with acne-prone or sensitive skin may experience breakouts with products containing the ingredient. These hyaluronic acid side effects can be due to a range of factors, such as harsh actives, non-comedogenic makeup of the product itself and more. Hence, to be on a safe side ensure to run a patch test before applying it all over the face.

Now that we comprehend the side effects of hyaluronic acid, let's see how to use the ingredient safely to mitigate those risks:

Choosing the Right Product

Selecting the right hyaluronic acid formulation is pivotal to minimizing the side effects and achieving the desired results. You may find the ingredients in a range of products across the market like creams, masks and fast-absorbing serums like the lightweight Eucerin Anti-Pigment Dual Serum. Formulations like this partner our star ingredient with effective agents like Thiamidol with soothing Licochalcone A. Such a unique mix protects the skin from hyperpigmentation, restores its moisture and delivers radiant skin with ease. Hence, always ensure to check the ingredient list to avoid irritants like alcohol or fragrances, which could exacerbate skin sensitivities.

Layering with Other Ingredients

Understanding how to layer your hyaluronic acid serum with other skincare ingredients can enhance its efficacy and avoid any bouts of side effects. This star ingredient works well with retinol, vitamin C, panthenol (B5) and rich moisturizers with glycerin and ceramides. While the actives target cell turnover, hyaluronic acid holds moisture and the occlusives trap the moisture, preventing transepidermal water loss. The result: plump, radiant and hydrated skin.

Dosage and Frequency Tips

When it comes to formulations with hyaluronic acid, a little goes a long way. Look for products that contain a maximum of 2% hyaluronic acid for skin to ensure the best results devoid of side effects. More isn’t always better and hence, consider starting with a small amount all over your face and neck and follow with a hydrating moisturizer to minimize the risk of irritation. While some individuals may find daily use of the product useful, others may only need it a few times a week, so adjust your routine based on your skin’s needs.

• If you are experiencing exacerbated skin allergies or reactions to hyaluronic acid, then cease the use of the product immediately.
• Avoid using the active on open wounds or irritated skin without a doctor's consultation, as it may aggravate the stinging and lead to further irritation.
• Do not overuse the product and avoid usage if the skin feels inflamed and red.

Hyaluronic acid stands to offer an expanse of assistance to our skin. However, it is not without its woes. When used recklessly without understanding its potential as an active ingredient, it can lead to a bunch of side effects of hyaluronic acid. Hence, it is best to follow the guidelines mentioned and prep your skin to maximize the hydrating and plumping effects for youthful, radiant skin.

1. Can hyaluronic acid cause breakouts or irritation?

   While it is quite rare, individuals with acne-prone or sensitive skin may sustain allergic reactions or breakouts. However, these can be on account of other ingredients in a hyaluronic acid product such as harsh agents like alcohol, dyes or even fragrances. Therefore, it is always essential to conduct a patch test before fully utilizing the product on one's face.

2. Is hyaluronic acid safe for all skin types?

   Yes, hyaluronic acid is essentially considered safe for all skin types. However, individual responses to hyaluronic acid for skin side effects may vary due to a range of factors such as skin conditions, history of allergies, sensitive skin, etc.

3. How should I apply hyaluronic acid to avoid dryness?

   To avoid reactions to hyaluronic acid or dryness, start by prepping your skin. Wash your face with a gentle cleanser and without patting it dry, spread a pea-sized amount of hyaluronic acid serum all over your face and neck. Before your face dries completely, quickly follow it with a rich moisturizer to seal in the hydration.

4. Can I use hyaluronic acid every day?

   Yes, most individuals can use hyaluronic acid on their face every day. It is typically safe and beneficial, provided it is used with suitable moisturisers and in a regulated amount.

• How to Use Hyaluronic Acid the Right Way – Healthline
• Hyaluronic Acid – NIH
• Complete Guide to Hyaluronic Acid For Skin Care – Kosmoderma Research Center
• Hyaluronic Acid Interacting Molecules Mediated Crosstalk between Cancer Cells – MDPI
• Hyaluronic Acid – Care Hospital